SIMILARITIES BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

Similarities:
  • In both first and second language acquisition, universal grammar may influence learning.  In second language learning, universal grammar may influence learning either independently or through the first language.
  • In both first and second language acquisition, there are predictable stages, and particular structures are acquired in a set order.  Individuals may move more slowly or quickly through these stages, but they cannot skip ahead.
  • In both first and second language acquisition, making errors is a part of learning.  Learners need to make and test hypotheses about language to build an internal representation of the language.  In the initial stages of learning, learners may use chunks of language without breaking them down or processing them as independent units.  In later stages, they may make new errors as they begin to process the parts of each chunk according to the rules of their language system.  For example, a learner may start out using the correct form of an irregular verb as part of a language chunk, but later overgeneralize and place a regular affix on that same verb.
  • In both first and second language acquisition, the learner uses context clues, prior knowledge, and interaction to comprehend language.
  • In both first and second language acquisition, age is an important variable affecting proficiency. 
  • In both first and second language acquisition, learners can often comprehend more complex language than they are able to produce.  In the initial stages of learning, learners go through a silent period. 
  • In both first and second language acquisition, a learner's proficiency can vary across situations.
  • In both first and second language acquisition, learners may overgeneralize vocabulary or rules, using them in contexts broader than those in which they should be used.
  • In both first and second language acquisition, learners need comprehensible input and opportunities to learn language in context in order to increase their proficiency.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Eclectic approach to teaching language- MASUM BILLAH

                        Eclectic approach to teaching language The eclectic approach is the label given to a teacher's use of techniques and activities from a range of language teaching approaches and methodologies. The teacher decides what methodology or approach to use depending on the aims of the lesson and the learners in the group. Eclectic approach for teaching foreign language is commendable when circumstances do not allow for the adoption of a single method. Learners of foreign languages nowadays are prepared to invest less time than before in learning a foreign language. However, they expect to become sufficiently competent in that language in order to be able to perform well under particular circumstances. It is neither a teaching tool for the teacher nor a learning method for the learners. It is a whole way of doing things such as listening coordinated speaking with subsidiary elements like pronunciation and form...
Read more

Mending Wall

Mending Wall BY  ROBERT FROST Something there is that doesn't love a wall, That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it, And spills the upper boulders in the sun; And makes gaps even two can pass abreast. The work of hunters is another thing: I have come after them and made repair Where they have left not one stone on a stone, But they would have the rabbit out of hiding, To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean, No one has seen them made or heard them made, But at spring mending-time we find them there. I let my neighbour know beyond the hill; And on a day we meet to walk the line And set the wall between us once again. We keep the wall between us as we go. To each the boulders that have fallen to each. And some are loaves and some so nearly balls We have to use a spell to make them balance: "Stay where you are until our backs are turned!" We wear our fingers rough with handling them. Oh, just another kind of out-do...
Read more